Since hearing plays such a crucial role in speech and language development, all those suspected of having a speech and/or language disorder or delay need to have their hearing tested. Pure-tone hearing screenings are strongly recommended. [Since The Speech & Language Connection cannot conduct hearing screenings online, it is recommended that parents (or guardians) consult with a pediatrician.] Individuals who are too young for this type of screening, as well as those who do not pass such hearing screenings, need to be referred to an audiologist for an evaluation. Individuals with ear infections, chronic upper respiratory infections, frequent illnesses, or allergies should receive a medical evaluation, as well as an audiological evaluation, prior to the start of speech and/or language services to rule out the possibility of a hearing loss. Even mild hearing losses can have a significant impact on speech and language development and communication.
Otitis media is an inflammation of the middle ear.
Acute otitis media (commonly referred to as an "ear infection") is an infection of the middle ear. It can be treated with antibiotics, but fluid may remain in the middle ear once the infection is gone. In the case of chronic ear infections, surgery may be a treatment option (i.e., myringotomy and insertion of pressure equalizing tubes).
Otitis media with effusion is an inflammation of the middle ear with the presence of fluid that is not infected (serous otitis media). It can be treated by waiting for the fluid to go away with regular professional health care monitoring (this may take 3-6 months), with antibiotics, or surgery.
Although signs of otitis media may include ear drainage, fever, complaints of ear pain, pulling on ear, irritability, and poor sleep, when a child has otitis media with effusion often there are no symptoms! Furthermore, whenever there is fluid in the middle ear instead of air, it may cause a mild or moderate, temporary conductive hearing loss. Sometimes there is no change in hearing, but this is definitely something to monitor, especially when young children are learning to talk or are showing signs of delayed speech and language development.